Essay about Organ Transplants for Prisoners - 1411 Words

In the article â€Å"Wanted, Dead or Alive? Kidney Transplants in Inmates Awaiting Execution†, Jacob M. Appel argues that, despite the criminal justice system’s view that death-row inmates deserve to die, they should be given the same opportunity to extend their life as anyone else. â€Å"The United States Supreme Court has held since 1976 that prison inmates are entitled to the same medical treatment as the free public† (645). â€Å"When it comes to healthcare, ‘bad people’ are as equal as the rest of us† (646). When someone is sentenced to execution it is decided by the criminal justice system, not the medical community. The justice system views these peoples’ social worth as so low that they deserve to die for the crimes they have committed. â€Å"The†¦show more content†¦The OPTN says that just because someone is in prison doesn’t mean they should not be considered for an organ transplant, the â€Å"screening for all potential recipients should be done at the candidacy stage and once listed, all candidates should be eligible for equitable allocation of organs† (648). On the basis of social worth, physicians shouldn’t discriminate by using social value as criteria for medical decisions. Sade says that psychosocial factors may be used as selection criteria, however, because they might shed light on whether or not adequate social support systems exi st for the transplant recipient. â€Å"The prison sentence is payment for the crime; the prisoner owes nothing more to society, certainly not his or her life† (647). The transplant center brings up the issue of money. When a non-prisoner has a transplant operation, they fund the surgery with the help of insurance and public health programs like Medicare and Medicaid. Prisoners have neither private nor public insurance aside from what the prison system has in their budget, so this begs the question, â€Å"should the prison pay for a heart transplant for a convicted criminal?† The answer is no. Most prison systems can only afford to provide general health care, but not the large amount of funds needed for a heart transplant. Sade says the bill for aftercare of a prisoner’s heart transplant done in California inShow MoreRelatedShould We Receive Organ Transplants?966 Words   |  4 Pagesmost dangerous deserve prior health care? It is debatable if prisoners should be placed on organs transplant waiting list or not. Prison officials in several states are mulling over two sides of the coin with respect to organ transplants for prisoners: First, the eligibility and cost of such medical procedure, and second whether prisoners should be allowed to donate their organs. Organ scarcity and the pressure to ensure that each organ is utilized to the best of its capability have led to the dominantRead MoreInmates and Organ Transplants: An Ethical Dilemma Essay864 Words   |  4 Pageswrong (Judson, Harrison, 2010). With that in mind, organ transplants for inmates has become a subject in which many people are asking questions as to whether it is morally right or wrong. In the ABC News article entitled Death-Row Inmates Seeks Organ Transplant by Bryan Robinson, the issue of a death-row prisoner in Oregon, by the name of Horacio Alberto Reyes-Camarena, receiving priority over a law-abiding citizen for a kidney transplant is being addressed. The state pays for Reyes-Camarena’sRead MoreOrgan Harvesting in China Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pagesthis caption under a photo he had taken to support his article. It was reported in the article how executed prisoners had become the primary source of body organ transplants. Still to this day in China, organs are being removed from the bodies of Falun prisoners without consent from anyone, to be used as donor organs for patients in need. The moment they find someone in need, the prisoners are immediately made victims. The process works something like this: In China, the hospital notifies you inRead MoreThe Punishment Of The United States1669 Words   |  7 Pages Inmate Christian Longo was convicted of the crimes he committed and he was on death row, he wrote an appeal to have his organs donated when he was executed, however he was denied. In an editorial by Longo put in the New York Times he said, â€Å"Eight years ago I was sentenced to death for the murders of my wife and three children. I am guilty. I once thought that I could fool others into believing this was not true. Failing that, I tried to convince myself that it didn’t matter. But, gradually, theRead MoreThe Global Problem of Harveting Organs1734 Words   |  7 PagesThe harvesting of organs is a huge problem worldwide. The sale of organs may result in an individual being murdered simply for his or her organs (Hongda.) In order to buy food impoverished families only choice may be to sell their organs (Callahan.) Those who are precipitants of organs coming from Inmates are taking huge health risk. Jeff Testerman, author of â€Å"Organs of Condemned sought for Transplantà ¢â‚¬ , stated â€Å"The prison population is such a high-risk group, particularly for hepatitis and AIDSRead MoreOrgan Donation Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagesexample is the area of organ donation and transplantation. However, unlike many other technologies or procedures which can be built, manufactured, or learned, organ transplantation requires one thing that we can’t create yet: an organ itself. Because our increased life span causes more people to require a replacement organ when theirs starts to fail, the demand has far outrun the supply and the future only looks to get worse. â€Å"Between the years 1988 and 2006 the number of transplants doubled, but theRead MoreThe Death Of A Transplant Organ Transplant Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to The American Transplant Foundation, more than 120,000 people in the United States are on the waiting list to receive a lifesaving organ transplant. Every 10 minutes a new name is added to the transplant waiting list a nd on average around 20 people die per day due to a lack of organ availability. The consistent high demand for organs and the shortage of donors in the United States has prompted a complex discussion on ways to close the gap. China, for example, has found a solution. TheyRead MoreOrgan Donation Case Study Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesOrgan Allocation Case Study: Correctional Healthcare Healthcare workers and the ethics board make tough decisions that impact the patient’s future, especially related to organ allocation. Organ transplantation is extremely important in order to save lives, prolong survival, and increase the quality of life (Beyar, 2017). Each year the number of people on the waiting list continues to rise at an alarming rate. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, organ donation statisticsRead MoreThe Key to Solving The American Organ Allocation Essay1665 Words   |  7 Pagesa South Carolina college student, died at the age of 23 while on the waiting list for a lung transplant. When Justin was three months old he was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, a disease which affects the lungs. Throughout his childhood he coped with his illness but at the age of 20 his health took a turn for the worst. Justin was on the waiting list for two years but no lungs came available in time. Organ allocation in the United States of Ameri ca has become a heavily debated subject in the medicalRead MoreAssignment 2 Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagesjust decision. The utilitarian should argue that Roche had no control over how the organs were harvested. Knowing or not knowing where the organs were originating from wouldn’t be as important, as long as their end goal of saving lives would be completed. Rights are defined as individual entitlements to freedom of choice and well-being This may lead a rights based ethic to say that the prisoners from which the organs were being harvested could not be accepted because they were being held against their

The Life and Success of Geoffrey Chaucer Essay - 893 Words

Geoffrey Chaucer was a man with an interesting life to say the least. From imprisonment and royal service to being renowned as one of the greatest poets and writers of the 1300s. Chaucers life had many mysteries to it as well such as what intrigued him to write The Canterbury Tales, one of his most famous works. Geoffrey Chaucers year of birth is a bit of a mystery for no one knows for sure which year he was born. What is known is he was born around 1340 – 1345. He was believed to be the child of Agnes, niece of Hamo de Compton, and his father John Chaucer. Records show that around 1357, Chaucer was in service to Elizabeth, countess of Ulster, and wife of Lionel, Duke of Clarence. Her record shows that she paid for Chaucers†¦show more content†¦Although in 1385, he took temporary leave and lived in Kent for 4 years, but still participated in the political system as a Justice of Peace and later on as a Parliament member. His writing was still being left neglected. Phil ippa passed away during this time in 1387 and Chaucer stopped partaking in her royal affairs causing him to suffer financial hardship. Chaucer was already in major debt. Many historians and theorists of Geoffrey Chaucer believe that because of his lack of continuing to be in Philippa’s affairs, choosing financial issues instead, and his lack of writing about or toward his wife that his marriage with Philippa was more than likely arranged. Chaucers works rarely complimented the idealogy of marriage. This could be lack of fondness of his marriage or that he was a man with points he would rather focus on over the topic. Geoffrey Chaucers most famous work was The Canterbury Tales, as previously stated, the collection of stories were written in the late 1300s using Middle English, which was rare at this time because Latin and Italian were more prominent. Some say his greatest contribution was more so popularizing the use of Middle English over Latin and Italian rather than the tal es themself. The tales are comprised of telling about a travel from one place to another where pilgrims are trying tell a better story than the other pilgrims, to put it simply. Even though Chaucer clearly points outShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Vox Clamantis1265 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Gower Born on 1330, Kent, United Kingdom, John Gower was an English poet who was friends with Chaucer and the connection between him influence his writings during his era. John Gower writings during the 16th century began to diminished ever since he is interest was picking up, but in the 20th century many people see how insight his poems are. The language that Gower expresses is seen as a Kentish Origin, his family who raised him came from a place called Yorkshire. And that it has beenRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pages The Canterbury Tales is a set of stories written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the fourteenth century. The stories were told by a group of pilgrims traveling to Canterbury Cathedral, in hopes to see a shrine of Saint Thomas Becket. To make time go by the host recommended each pilgrim tell a tale. The tale that each character gives, reveals that person’s background and life. Some pilgrims matched their stereotype of that time b ut most do not. The Prioress, Madame Eglentyne, and Wife of Bath, Allison, areRead More Debatable Decisions by the Wife of Bath Essay1120 Words   |  5 PagesCanterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer creates a wonderfully complex character in the Wife of Bath. She exhibits many traits easily identifiable as virtuous--honesty, cheerfulness, and the desire to follow the teachings of the Bible. At other times she reveals traits easily perceived as negative--greed, cruelty, and promiscuity. By the end of her tale to the other pilgrims, more light is shed on her character when it becomes apparent that her tale parallels certain aspects of her own life. UnderstandingRead MoreAnalysis Of John Chaucer s The Canterbury Tales 1594 Words   |  7 Pageshonest, that’s the one thing people want the most.) People in today’s society always want more than what they have. Geoffrey Chaucer shows us this in The Canterbury Tales, especially in The Pardoner’s Tale. In order to achieve a better understanding of the story and the meaning behind The Pardoner’s Tale and The Canterbury Tales, the history of the author must be known. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales; he sadly didn’t get to finish them. The exact date of birth is not known but the mostRead MoreDouble Standards and Stereotypes in The Wife of Bath Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 14th century Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, which included a progressive view of womens concerns in The Wife of Bath. During a time when women were still considered chattel existing almost exclusively to produce heirs, Chaucer takes a stand on issues affecting women that were not commonly given consideration. Writing in the first person, Chaucer is able to describe life from the viewpoint of a woman. Through this style, Chaucer addresses subject matter that would have beenRead More Ambiguity and Understanding of Chaucers Troilus and Criseyde1721 Words   |  7 P agesof Chaucers Troilus and Criseyde      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the aspects of Chaucers Troilus and Criseyde that seemed most confusing at first was the apparent ambiguity or complete lack of motivation that the author provides for the main characters. Chaucer provides little explanation for why his major characters act the way that they do; when he does, his explanations are often ambiguous or contradictory. Pandarus is an excellent example of a character whose motives are ambiguous. The only motives clearlyRead MoreThe Inconsistancies of Life in In The Canterbury Tales and The Knights Tale, by Geoffrey Chaucer1707 Words   |  7 Pagescomposed by Geoffrey Chaucer, the fundamental topic of the tales is the inconsistency of human life — satisfaction and suffering are never far separated from one another, and no one is truly safe from experiencing a tragedy. When an individuals fortunes are up, other individuals are down. This issue is expressed by the pattern of the narrative, in which depictions of favorable l uck are immediately followed by disasters, and characters are subject to memorable inversions of fortune. Geoffrey Chaucer is knownRead MoreThe Middle Ages Gain So Much Fame And Admiration From Others1916 Words   |  8 Pages How did authors in the Middle Ages gain so much fame and admiration from others? Their works had to reflect what ordinary people were going through. They had to use their stories as a form of identity for many. Geoffrey Chaucer had this in mind when writing his most important piece of work, ‘The Canterbury Tales’ and his other pieces of work that gained him the title as the father of English literature . Chaucer’s wrote the tales in the fourteenth century to dwell upon medieval society and to retellRead MoreTheme Of Chivalry In The Knights Tale884 Words   |  4 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer’s romantic poem â€Å"The Knight’s Tale† chronicles the adventures of two ancient Greek knights and their quest to win the affection of Emily, a beautiful noblewoman. Bound to uphold the chivalric code of loyalty and honor of the time, Palamon and Arcite discover themselves at odds with their noble ideals as they battle one another in pursuit of love. Unable to reconcile the knight’s oath of honor with their obsessive and selfish desires, the actions of Chaucer’s main characters failRead MoreThe Role Of Women In The Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer1035 Words   |  5 Pagesyears ago. Geoffrey Chaucer first explores this in his famous collection of stories The Canterbury Tales. In Chaucer’s tales, he explores the situations of multiple individuals of varying backgrounds in the medieval time period. Each character tells a story that reveals some aspect of their morality and personality. Quite often, their tale also reveals their opinion of a certain overlying subject; such is the case with many character’s opinions of women and their place in society. Chaucer has commonly

Science Technology Essay Sample free essay sample

Science and engineering is a term of art used to embrace the relationship between scientific discipline and engineering. It often appears within rubrics of academic subjects ( scientific discipline and engineering surveies ) and authorities offices Recent scientific and technological inventions have enhanced the quality of life. † Do you hold? The quality of life is usually taken to intend the general well being of people and the environment in which they live in. it is undeniable that recent scientific and technological inventions have enhanced the quality of life for many. However. the developments of today that promise us a better quality of life are besides [ †¦ ] Science and Technology Where would we be as a planetary community without the survey and assistance of scientific discipline and engineering? How could humankind hold survived through the ages without it? Science and engineering have been around for about every bit long as clip itself. Ancient cave man used early scientific discipline to larn how to do fire. Caveman. who developed lances from sticks tied with carven rocks to run with. benefited from the creative activity of scientific discipline. The word scientific discipline ( 2009.  ¶ 1 ) comes from the Latin word: scien transient ischemic attack. which means â€Å"knowledge† or â€Å"knowing† and engineering ( 2009.  ¶ 1 ) comes from the coupling of two Greek words: techne and logia which means â€Å"art or craft† and â€Å"skill† . Throughout the centuries. many different Fieldss of scientific discipline and engineering have been developed as ways to better understand the natural universe around us. Much of the early surveies of scientific discipline and engineering pre dating the sixteenth and 17th centuries were dismissed and labeled as being signifiers of thaumaturgy or the plants of supernatural forces that should stay unbridled and undisputed. Many early scientific experiments of that clip were deemed unethical and frowned upon by society. Promotions in the Fieldss of scientific discipline and engineering are ethical and necessary to the good development of world. It would look that in today’s society the methods of scientific discipline and engineering are one time once more being scrutinized by society. Many of the interruption throughs and developmental research that is conducted by scientists in the medical field every bit good as other Fieldss of scientific discipline are being deemed by societ y as unethical. Some extremists are claiming that some of the scientific developments are come ining the kingdom of God’s work. and that we as worlds should non be fiddling with. We as a universe community have benefited from many achievements due to the versatility of scientific survey Man. powered by his imaginativeness and speculative character. has wondered he mechanisms of Nature since clip space. This pursuit for the truth. the ways in which his environing plants. has led to many a scientific finds and inventions. Since the art of doing fire and making handcrafted tools. our civilisation has come a long manner. Science and Technology are doing progresss at an astonishing rate. From telephones to the Internet. reckoners to computing machines. autos to projectiles and orbiters. we are submerged in a sea of finds and innovations made possible by Science. William claude dukenfields like Medicine and communications have made inroads into our civilizations and therefore our life styles. So huge is the impact of Science in our lives. that people fear the unthinkable. It leads them to accusals such as Science attempts to play God. However. harmonizing to Hume. God is portion of the order that exists in the existence. If so. so Science is merely assisting us detect the Almighty. which most people perceive as the Ultimate Truth. To cite Charles Pierce. â€Å"†There is one thing even more critical to science than intelligent methods ; and that is. the sincere desire to happen out the truth. whatever it may be. † Repeatedly. it is besides heard that we are so dependent on Science and Technology that we who create it are nil but mere marionettes. How can we be the slaves of this great resource? In fact. it would non be incorrect to term Science as a friend of Humanity. This faithful friend has come through many a times. We have reaped countless benefits out of this friendly relationship. In return. the forfeits we had to do established merely a little monetary value in return. This monetary value can be termed as a little item of grasp for our friend. Science. Harmonizing to an experiential statement. being precedes kernel. If so. so human being is absurd and undue. The end of a human being so is to warrant his being. Technology has been come oning at an amazingly rapid beat. and it has been altering our lives in a scaring manner. In the hereafter. our lives might alter even more. with several benefits and dangers of technological progresss. Everything evolves around 3 constructs: engineering. scientific discipline and hereafter. So now arises the inquiry: will this engineering progress make society better or worse off? On the one manus. several benefits will do society better off. For illustration. progresss in decorative surgery will take to people being extremely satisfied with their personal visual aspect and felicity among society will be increased. For illustration. people that feel ugly and can’t happen a twosome will now be able make it with facial metabolism. and they won’t be depressed any longer. In decision. society’s public assistance and felicity will be increased by decorative surgery. Another illustration is genetically modified nutrient. The ability to modify the food’s names will let harvests to turn faster. This will take to higher sums of nutrient being produced at lower monetary values. As a effect. world’s hungriness rates will be dramatically reduced. with higher nutrition rates taking topographic point. In decision. genetically modified nutrient will impact positively human hungriness and nutrition rates. Last. human lives will besides be benefited by another of import technological promotion: carnal clonation. Species extinction will be reduced or even stopped. every bit good as hungriness rates to the addition in supply of nutrient. To sum up. carnal clonation will work out some of the key issues which are really portion of the world’s day-to-day docket. Overall. human life will be changed in a really positive manner by promotions su ch as the mentioned before and some existent cardinal issues won’t be any longer. However. engineering might besides convey terrible dangers to human life. being society’s public assistance non maximized and in a really utmost instance. worlds might be nonextant.

Florence Bascom

Free Essays on Everyman

The Reflection of Death in Everyman In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the morality play evolved as the popular dramatic form which offered instruction to the audience on the Christian lifestyle and attitudes toward death. Most often, these plays gravitated toward the conflict between good and evil for the human soul, concluding with the soul’s redemption. (Miracle). The matter that morality plays dealt with was allegorical in nature and its intent was to apply Christian doctrine to conduct, in order to promote Christian character (Warren). One of the most celebrated morality plays dates back to approximately 1475 and is titled Everyman. The morality play Everyman serves as a reflection of Medieval and Renaissance views toward death and the concept of a soul’s final struggle for salvation. In order to gain an understanding of how Everyman is reflective of Medieval and Renaissance conceptions about death, it is necessary to have some knowledge of the play’s plot. Everyman opens with an introductory statement which aids this necessity: â€Å"Here beginneth a treatise how ye high Father of Heaven sendeth Death to summon every creature to come and give account of their lives in this world, and is in manner of a Moral play†. The introduction reveals the play’s message and introduces the plot. The character Everyman is visited by the character Death who orders Everyman produce an account book and prepare to journey to the grave: On thee thou must take a long journey. Therefore thy book of count with thee thou bring, For turn again thou cannot by no way! And look thou be sure of thy reckoning For before God thou shalt answer and shew Thy many bad deeds and good but a few, How thou hast spent thy life, and in what wise, Before the chief Lord of Paradise. The idea that Everyman must produce a book filled with all of his deeds was indeed a reflection of the common belief ... Free Essays on Everyman Free Essays on Everyman The Reflection of Death in Everyman In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the morality play evolved as the popular dramatic form which offered instruction to the audience on the Christian lifestyle and attitudes toward death. Most often, these plays gravitated toward the conflict between good and evil for the human soul, concluding with the soul’s redemption. (Miracle). The matter that morality plays dealt with was allegorical in nature and its intent was to apply Christian doctrine to conduct, in order to promote Christian character (Warren). One of the most celebrated morality plays dates back to approximately 1475 and is titled Everyman. The morality play Everyman serves as a reflection of Medieval and Renaissance views toward death and the concept of a soul’s final struggle for salvation. In order to gain an understanding of how Everyman is reflective of Medieval and Renaissance conceptions about death, it is necessary to have some knowledge of the play’s plot. Everyman opens with an introductory statement which aids this necessity: â€Å"Here beginneth a treatise how ye high Father of Heaven sendeth Death to summon every creature to come and give account of their lives in this world, and is in manner of a Moral play†. The introduction reveals the play’s message and introduces the plot. The character Everyman is visited by the character Death who orders Everyman produce an account book and prepare to journey to the grave: On thee thou must take a long journey. Therefore thy book of count with thee thou bring, For turn again thou cannot by no way! And look thou be sure of thy reckoning For before God thou shalt answer and shew Thy many bad deeds and good but a few, How thou hast spent thy life, and in what wise, Before the chief Lord of Paradise. The idea that Everyman must produce a book filled with all of his deeds was indeed a reflection of the common belief ...

The Strengths and Weaknesses of Britain's 'Traditional Constitution' Essay

The Strengths and Weaknesses of Britain's 'Traditional Constitution' - Essay Example Any state whether large or small should have important and elemental values which enable efficient and effective governance. It is these rules that show a picture of the country’s values and nature. They bring out the character of the state as dictated by the understanding of the citizens of the laws based on whether they are laws or a formulation of how things should be done. As much as the state may formulate these laws independently and uniquely, some common characteristics can be identified in many states’ laws or in the general administration. For many nations and states, there are laws and rules that govern the conduct of people or provide guidance on the way of life. In Britain though, this is not the case. Unlike most states in the world, the country lacks the formal and legal documents that bring forth the procedures or arrangements by which the country is to be governed. It lacks the set of main values, norms and upholding by which the state is to be administe red. Types of constitutions A constitution is a set of rules that govern the administration in a state and the government on the mode of administration1.There are various methods that are used to classify types of constitutions. A constitution can be codified or not codified, federal or unitary and flexible or rigid. A codified constitution is usually based in one document and is more likely to be inflexible while a federal constitution divides power into two parts of the government2. Written and unwritten The words written and unwritten refer to the way in which the constitution is formulated and the main distinction is brought out by whether the constitution is brought out in a single or a set of documents or whether it is just an assembly of various sources. A written constitution is usually presented in a document or a series of documents and this is common in almost all the countries. An unwritten constitution is one that is not expressed in a document or even a set of document s. Britain is an example of country that lacks a written constitution though some of its parts may be in written form. Any written document provides a clear guideline and is more authentic thus is seen more legally and can be easily endorsed than the unwritten one3. Rigid and flexible A constitution contains the basic principles that govern the mode of administration of any state. Basically making these rules is based on the aspect of continuity and thus lack of alteration. In the event of alterations, there are specific channels that are followed. The ease with which a constitution can be altered to suit the changing times reflects its flexibility. If therefore a constitution follows a long channel and is basically subject to a process which is restrictive before the laws can be changed, it is referred to be rigid. In the case of Britain that lacks a written constitution; the case of rigidity is actually questionable and may be less. If a bill formulated and passed in the parliamen t receives the royal pass on, it becomes effective since there is no higher restrictive force or body to create difficulties4. Therefore, the laws are subject to changes since there is no procedure earlier formulated and put down to change particular laws. The flexibility of the constitution in unmentionable and the laws are made by the parliament with no higher body to make them. The parliament tends to receive less restriction and the constitution also contains the non- legal part which is

Cross Culture Marketing strategy2 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cross Culture Marketing strategy2 - Article Example They tend to take steps of the business context to make sure that relationships do not stop at just being business partners, but establishes allegiances as well. They believe that this method results to the establishment of harmonious relationships, with trust and loyalty, and eventually leads to a successful business relationship, where conflicts are resolved through mediation. For collectivists, â€Å"hasty litigation may be interpreted as uncompromising and self-oriented† (5), a big deviation from their sense of affective commitment, where business partners are treated as family. Entertainment, in the form of wining and dining is â€Å"a means of gauging the other party’s values, trustworthiness, and willingness to compromise† (2). This way, a possible business partner can be gauged or assessed according to his behavior not just as a possible business partner but a man and a future friend and â€Å"family† since â€Å"collectivists operate on solidarit y and share values† (4). Gift-giving on the other hand, is viewed by collectivists as a positive gesture. It is an expression of the â€Å"desire for partnership success† (James 5). Partnership success in a collectivist’s view means a lasting and enduring relationship with a sense of duty and obligation to each other (2). For a collectivist, â€Å"investments in time, energy and resources were acknowledged as pledges or signals to the buyer that the supplier was benevolent† (5). 2. In a collectivist culture, decisions are made collectively by senior members (James 2) and information sharing is of utmost importance. Being relationally oriented (1), with trust, commitment, cooperation, loyalty and obligation to his organization, it is not surprising that collectivist cultures rely more heavily on the use of social media. In high-context cultures, people prefer a less explicit form of communication (5). They prefer indirect